Understanding the Traits of Autism: What Every Parent Needs to Know

Autism is a complex neurological disorder that impacts the development of the brain, causing communication difficulties, social challenges, and repetitive behaviors or interests. Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) affects one in 68 children in the United States, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

Parents can play a vital role in identifying the early signs of autism in their child and seeking early intervention services. But what are the traits of autism, and how can parents recognize them?

1. Difficulty with Social Interaction

One of the primary characteristics of autism is difficulty with social interaction. Children with autism may avoid eye contact or have trouble making friends or engaging in conversations. They may struggle to understand the subtlety of social cues, such as body language or tone of voice, and may appear to lack empathy.

2. Communication Challenges

Children with autism often have difficulty with communication, which can manifest in several ways. Some children may speak a few words or not at all, while others may have advanced vocabulary but struggle to convey their thoughts effectively. Children with autism may also have a hard time understanding non-verbal communication, such as gestures or facial expressions.

3. Repetitive Behaviors or Interests

Many children with autism engage in repetitive behaviors or exhibit a fascination with a specific interest or topic. These repetitive behaviors can range from hand flapping or rocking to obsessively lining up objects or following a strict routine. An autistic child may also have a deep knowledge of a specific subject, such as dinosaurs, and talk about it incessantly.

4. Sensory Sensitivities

Children with autism may have sensory sensitivities, which means they can have strong reactions to certain stimuli, such as bright lights, loud noises, or certain textures. This can lead to sensory overload, causing the child to become overwhelmed and overstimulated.

5. Difficulty with Transitions

Autistic children thrive on routine and predictability, and changes in their environment or routine can be challenging. A simple change in the daily routine, such as a change in caregiver or a different route to school, can cause anxiety and stress for a child with autism.

Understanding the traits of autism is critical for parents who want to help their child succeed. Early intervention and therapy can help support the child’s development and improve their communication and social interaction skills. With resources and support, children with autism can lead full and successful lives.